In this issue
中国国家知识产权局商标局发布尼斯分类NCL12-2025文本中日韩商品和服务类似群编码对照表
Trademark Office of CNIPA Releases the Correspondence Table of Codes for China-Japan-South Korea Similar Groups of Goods and Services in the Nice Classification NCL12-2025
根据中日韩商标领域合作安排，为进一步便利申请人，现发布尼斯分类NCL12-2025文本中日韩商品和服务类似群编码对照表。
According to the cooperation arrangement in the field of trademarks among China, Japan, and South Korea, in order to further streamline procedures for applicants, a correspondence table of codes for China-Japan-South Korea similar groups of goods and services in the Nice Classification NCL12-2025 has now been released.
附件：尼斯分类NCL12-2025文本中日韩商品和服务类似群编码对照表.xlsx
Attachment: Correspondence Table of Codes for China-Japan-South Korea Similar Groups of Goods and Services in the Nice Classification NCL12-2025
（来源：中国国家知识产权局商标局）
(Source: Trademark Office of CNIPA)
中国国家知识产权局与匈牙利知识产权局启动“中匈联络员机制”试点项目
CNIPA and HIPO Launch Focal Point Mechanism Pilot Project
中国国家知识产权局与匈牙利知识产权局经磋商一致，决定联合开展“中匈联络员机制”试点项目。试点项目为期1年，自2025年4月1日至2026年3月31日。
CNIPA and the Hungarian Intellectual Property Office (HIPO) have, after consultations, decided to jointly launch the HIPO-CNIPA Focal Point Mechanism pilot project. The pilot project will last for one year, from April 1, 2025 to March 31, 2026.
项目运行期间，中国企业如有知识产权相关咨询问题，可联系中国国家知识产权局知识产权联络员，联系方式如下：
During the project period, Chinese enterprises may consult the CNIPA intellectual property liaison officer about issues related to intellectual property, with the contact information described as follows:
联络员：赵清
邮箱：ip_support@cnipa.gov.cn
匈牙利企业如有知识产权相关咨询问题，可联系匈牙利知识产权联络员，联系方式如下：
联络员：Ms.Zsuzsanna Várfalviné Tari
邮箱：zsuzsanna.tari@hipo.gov.hu
Liaison Officer: ZHAO Qing
Email: ip_support@cnipa.gov.cn
Hungarian enterprises may consult the HIPO intellectual property liaison officer about issues related to intellectual property, with the contact information described as follows:
Liaison Officer: Ms. Zsuzsanna Várfalviné Tari
Email: zsuzsanna.tari@hipo.gov.hu
（来源：中国国家知识产权局网站）
(Source: website of CNIPA)
WIPO：2024年PCT专利申请总量第一的国家是中国
WIPO: China Ranked First in the World in the Total Volume of PCT Patent Applications in 2024
近日，世界知识产权组织（WIPO）发布了2024年12月及全年PCT专利申请量数据。
Recently, the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) released the data on volume of PCT patent applications in December 2024 and throughout the same year.
据统计，2024年，PCT申请总量达273,900件，比2023年增长0.5%。中国仍然是最大的来源国，提交了70,160件申请。
According to statistics, in 2024, the total volume of PCT applications reached 273,900, increasing by 0.5% compared to 2023. China remained the largest source country, submitting 70,160 applications.
华为技术有限公司是2024年位居榜首的PCT申请人，有6,600件已公布申请，随后是三星电子（大韩民国，4,640件申请）、高通公司（美国，3,848件）、LG电子（大韩民国，2,083件）和宁德时代（中国，1,993件）。日本、中国和美国在前一百位申请实体中申请人的数量最多，分别为35位、21位和19位。
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. was the top PCT applicant in 2024, with 6,600 published applications, followed by Samsung Electronics (Republic of Korea, 4,640 applications), Qualcomm (United States, 3,848 applications), LG Electronics (Republic of Korea, 2,083 applications), and Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited (China, 1,993 applications). Japan, China, and the United States had the highest number of applicants among the top 100 application entities, with 35, 21, and 19 applicants, respectively.
在教育领域，加利福尼亚大学（美国）在2024年以519件PCT申请继续位居榜首。德克萨斯大学系统（美国）以216件申请位居第二，随后是清华大学（中国，188件）、浙江大学（中国，175件）和首尔国立大学（大韩民国，170件）。
In the education field, the University of California (United States) continued to top the list in 2024 with 519 PCT applications. The University of Texas System (United States) ranked second with 216 applications, followed by Tsinghua University (China, 188 applications), Zhejiang University (China, 175 applications), and Seoul National University (Republic of Korea, 170 applications).
2024年，数字通信成为已公布PCT申请的首要领域，占总量的10.5%，超过了自2019年以来一直占踞首位的计算机技术。其他主要领域包括计算机技术（9.7%）、电气机械（8.6%）、医疗技术（6.5%）和测量（4.4%）。这五个领域合计约占已公布PCT申请总量的40%，与2019年相比增长了5个百分点。在排名前十的技术领域中，数字通信（+9.9%）和电气机械（+7.9%）在2024年的增长率最快。
In 2024, digital communication became the most significant field for published PCT applications, accounting for 10.5% of the total, surpassing computer technology, which had held the top position since 2019. Other major fields included computer technology (9.7%), electrical machinery (8.6%), medical technology (6.5%), and measurement (4.4%). These five fields together accounted for approximately 40% of the total published PCT applications, an increase of 5 percentage points compared to 2019. Among the top ten technology fields, digital communication (+9.9%) and electrical machinery (+7.9%) exhibited the fastest growth rates in 2024.
（来源：WIPO中国）
(Source: WIPO China)
典型案例：
Cases in Spotlight:
集佳代理斯拉姆（SRAM）“自行车飞轮”位置商标案一审获胜，再次明确“限定使用位置的单一颜色商标”的可注册性
Unitalen Representing SRAM Prevailed in the First-instance Trial of the Position Mark Case of "Bicycle Freewheel", Reinforcing the Registrability of "A Single-color Trademark Applied to a Specific Position"
近日，集佳代理世界知名自行车传动系统和零部件制造商斯拉姆有限责任公司（SRAM，LLC）诉国家知识产权局关于第G1729330号“自行车飞轮位置商标”驳回复审行政纠纷一案获胜，北京知识产权法院作出一审判决，撤销被诉驳回复审决定，并责令国家知识产权局重新作出决定。该案系知名“红鞋底”案后，司法机关再次明确“限定使用位置的单一颜色商标”这一非传统商标的可注册性规则。
Recently, Unitalen, representing SRAM, LLC, a world-famous manufacturer of bicycle drivetrain systems and components, prevailed in the case of an administrative dispute against the CNIPA over the review of the refused No. G1729330 "Position Mark of Bicycle Freewheel". The Beijing Intellectual Property Court made a first instance judgment, revoking the decision of review on refusal and ordering the CNIPA to make a new decision. After the well-known "Red Sole" case, the judicial authorities reinforced in this case the registrability rules of the non-traditional "single-color trademark applied to a specific position".
基本案情
Case Brief
斯拉姆有限责任公司（SRAM，LLC）于1987年成立于美国，专注于生产自行车零部件以及开发山地和道路传动系统，目前已经成为世界上最大的高端自行车零部件品牌之一。斯拉姆有限责任公司开创性地使用了具有鲜明特色的环状红色元素的颜色，并持续将其作为镶嵌于第六链轮和第七链轮之间位置作为品牌商标使用，也在全世界范围内多个国家、地区将“第六链轮和第七链轮（齿轮）之间环状红色元素（潘通色号186）”申请注册为商标，以保护其品牌标识。
SRAM, LLC was founded in the United States in 1987, specializing in producing bicycle components and developing mountain and road drivetrain systems. It has become one of the world's largest premium bicycle component brands. SRAM, LLC has pioneered the use of a distinctive color with an annular red element and continues to use it as a brand trademark embedded between the sixth and seventh sprockets. The company has also applied to register the "annular red element (Pantone 186) positioned between the sixth and seventh sprockets (gears)" as a trademark in multiple countries and regions worldwide to protect its brand identity.
The design of the disputed trademark The photo of the product
【备注】诉争商标描述：“本商标要求保护位于第六链轮和第七链轮（齿轮）之间环状红色元素。附图展示了该红色元素在不同视角下的位置。请注意，图中虚线部分仅用于指示该元素的位置，并不构成所主张的位置商标的一部分。”
[Note] Description of the disputed trademark: "The trademark claims protection for an annular red element positioned between the sixth and seventh sprockets (gears). The figure shows the position of the red element from different perspectives. Please note that the dotted line in the figure is only used to indicate the position of the element and does not constitute a part of the claimed position mark."
2022年10月19日，斯拉姆有限责任公司向德国专利和商标局申请第302022116933号商标（“第六链轮和第七链轮（齿轮）之间环状红色元素”），该商标于2023年2月22日在德国获准注册。2023年5月11日，斯拉姆有限责任公司以该商标作为基础商标向世界知识产权组织申请领土延伸至欧盟、中国等国家和地区。2024年6月19日，该商标在欧盟获准注册。该商标在德国及欧盟的申请及注册工作由德国知名律师事务所Weickmann & Weickmann Patent- und Rechtsanwälte PartmbB代理，该律所在本案中亦提供了证据搜集等法律支持。
On October 19, 2022, SRAM, LLC applied to the German Patent and Trade Mark Office for Trademark No. 302022116933 ("annular red element positioned between the sixth and seventh sprockets (gears)"), and the trademark was approved for registration in Germany on February 22, 2023. On May 11, 2023, SRAM, LLC, using this trademark as the base trademark, applied to the WIPO for territorial extension to countries and regions such as the European Union and China. On June 19, 2024, the trademark was approved for registration in the European Union. The application and registration processes for the trademark in Germany and the European Union were represented by the well-known German law firm Weickmann & Weickmann Patent und Rechtsanwälte PartmbB, which also provided legal support, such as evidence collection in the case.
2024年3月26日，国家知识产权局认定该商标是“从三个方向进行了展示的链轮图形，其中在第六链轮和第七链轮之间有一个红色的圆圈”，并以该商标缺乏显著性为由驳回了斯拉姆有限责任公司的领土延伸保护申请。斯拉姆有限责任公司不服该决定，随后向北京知识产权法院提起行政诉讼。
On March 26, 2024, the CNIPA determined that the trademark was "a sprocket pattern displayed in three directions, with a red circle positioned between the sixth and seventh sprockets” and rejected the application for territorial extension protection of SRAM, LLC on the grounds of the lack of distinctiveness of the trademark. Dissatisfied with the decision, SRAM, LLC filed an administrative lawsuit with the Beijing Intellectual Property Court.
法院判决
Court Judgment
北京知识产权法院经审理认定，国际商标注册申请在中国领土延伸保护的审查应当根据世界知识产权组织对该商标的公告加以确定，故诉争商标属于“限定使用位置的单一颜色商标”，虚线部分所表示的链轮外形不应被作为诉争商标的构成要素而纳入审查范围。国家知识产权局将诉争商标认定为“一个从三个方向进行展示的链轮图形，其中在第六链轮和第七链轮之间有一个红色的圆圈”，属于对诉争商标的商标标志及其构成要素认定错误，其在此基础上作出的被诉决定缺乏相应的事实基础，依法应予撤销。国家知识产权局应当在对诉争商标的商标标志及其构成要素正确认定的基础上，对诉争商标是否具有显著特征重新作出认定。
The Beijing Intellectual Property Court determined through trial that the examination of an international trademark registration application for territorial extension protection in China should be determined based on the announcement on the trademark by the WIPO. Therefore, the disputed trademark pertained to "a single-color trademark applied to a specific position" and the sprocket pattern represented by the dotted line should not be included in the scope of examination as a constituent element of the disputed trademark. The CNIPA determined that the disputed trademark was "a sprocket pattern displayed in three directions, with a red circle positioned between the sixth and seventh sprockets", which was an incorrect determination of the sign and constituent elements of the disputed trademark. The decision made on this basis lacked an appropriate factual basis and should be revoked in accordance with the law. The CNIPA should make a new determination of whether the disputed trademark has distinctive features based on a correct determination of the sign and constituent elements of the disputed trademark.
典型意义
Typical Significance
本案系“红鞋底”案后，中国法院再次明确认定“限定使用位置的单一颜色商标”具有可注册性，可以作为注册商标在中国受到保护，为中国位置商标的保护再添司法案例。另外，法院通过本案也再次明确，国家知识产权局在就申请商标是否具备显著特征作出认定之前，应首先准确界定申请商标的商标标志及其构成要素，在此基础上方能就申请商标是否具备显著特征作出认定。
After the "Red Sole" case, the Chinese courts have explicitly reinforced in this case the registrability of "a single-color trademark applied to a specific position" which can be protected as a registered trademark in China. The present case is a new judicial example of the protection of position marks in China. Additionally, through this case, the court has further clarified that, the CNIPA should first accurately determine the sign and constituent elements of the trademark under application and base its determination on whether it has distinctive features on that accurate determination.
最高法挂牌督办交叉执行侵犯技术秘密案
The Supreme People's Court Places Special Oversight over a Cross-Enforcement Case Involving the Infringement of Know-how
——入选“新时代推动法治进程2024年度十大案件”
——selected as one of the "2024 Top Ten Cases Advancing the Rule of Law in the New Era"
基本案情：
Case Brief
申请执行人四川某瑞化工股份有限公司（简称某瑞公司）与被执行人山东某升化工股份有限公司（简称某升公司）侵害技术秘密纠纷执行一案，最高人民法院于2022年12月26日作出生效判决，判令某升公司立即停止销售使用某瑞公司的涉案技术秘密所生产的三聚氰胺产品，销毁其年产10万吨三聚氰胺项目（一期）中涉及涉案技术秘密的设备等，并赔偿9800万元。
The case involved the enforcement of a dispute over the infringement of know-how between the enforcement applicant, Sichuan X Rui Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as X Rui Company) and the enforcement respondent, Shandong X Sheng Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as X Sheng Company). On December 26, 2022, the Supreme People's Court issued a legally effective judgment, ordering X Sheng Company to immediately cease the sales of melamine products produced using the know-how involved of X Rui Company, destroy the equipment related to the know-how involved in its Melamine Project with Annual Production Capacity of 100k Tons (Phase I), and pay the damages of RMB 98 million.
2023年2月6日，四川省成都市天府新区人民法院对该案立案执行，并将某升公司的金钱给付义务执行完毕。但某升公司对于生效判决确定的销毁设备等行为义务一直未主动履行，因拆除、销毁案涉设备具有极强的专业性和一定的危险性，成本巨大，且对员工就业、企业经营、金融稳定、经济发展造成较大影响，可能导致执行程序陷入僵局。
On February 6, 2023, the People's Court of Tianfu New Area, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province initiated enforcement proceedings for the case and oversaw the enforcement of the monetary payment obligation by X Sheng Company. However, X Sheng Company had not voluntarily fulfilled its obligations of conduct, including the destruction of equipment as determined in the legally effective judgment. With the need for high specialization means and the potential risks, the dismantlement and destruction of the equipment involved in the case would render enormous costs and cast significant impacts on staff employment, business operations, financial stability, and economic development. The execution process might be entangled in a deadlock.
最高人民法院遂对本案进行挂牌督办，协调案件所涉四川、广东、山东三地九家法院形成合力、协同推进。后四川省成都市中级人民法院将本案提级执行，并由该院院长担任审判长，通过发送司法建议、依法传唤被执行人法定代表人、公开招标拆除企业等多种方式加大执行力度，同时由上级法院和政府有关部门加强沟通协作，促进当事人执行和解。2024年1月28日，经三级法院多次组织磋商，双方达成执行和解并签订协议，“一揽子”解决本案、广东省广州市中级人民法院某专利侵权案的执行，并促进了另外两起关联诉讼案件的化解。2024年8月5日，某瑞公司提交结案申请书，确认和解协议履行完毕。
The Supreme People's Court thus placed special oversight over the case under supervision, making coordinated efforts to develop synergy among the nine courts involved in the case across the three provinces of Sichuan, Guangdong, and Shandong to advance progress in the case. Later, the Chengdu Intermediate People's Court of Sichuan Province escalated the enforcement of the case, with the president of the court serving as the chief judge. The court intensified enforcement efforts by various means, including providing judicial recommendations, legally summoning the legal representative of the enforcement respondent, and publicly issuing an invitation to bid for dismantlement. Meanwhile, higher courts and relevant government departments strengthened communication and collaboration to facilitate the parties in reaching an enforcement settlement. On January 28, 2024, after multiple rounds of negotiations organized by courts at three levels, both parties reached an enforcement settlement and signed an agreement, establishing a full range of solutions to the enforcement of the case and a patent infringement case handled by the Guangzhou Intermediate People's Court of Guangdong Province, and to the promotion of the resolution of another two related litigation cases. On August 5, 2024, X Rui Company submitted a case closure application, confirming the full performance of the settlement agreement.
入选理由：
Significance of Selection
本案是全国执行标的最大的知识产权案件之一。本案为依托交叉执行工作机制解决行为类执行案件提供了可复制、可推广的模板，系新时代人民法院全面推进交叉执行、深化审执分离改革、助力“切实解决执行难”的典型代表。
As one of the intellectual property cases with the largest enforcement targets nationwide, the case provides a replicable and promotable template for solving conduct-based enforcement cases based on the cross enforcement mechanism, and typically exemplifies the roles of the people's courts in the new era in comprehensively promoting cross enforcement, deepening the reform of separating trial from enforcement, and helping "effectively solve enforcement challenges".
（来源：中华人民共和国最高人民法院）
(Source: the Supreme People's Court of the People's Republic of China)
集佳新闻：
Unitalen News
助力企业全球化战略升级——欧洲知识产权布局与纠纷应对专题沙龙成功举办
Empowering Enterprises' Global Strategic Upgrades: A Special Salon on European Intellectual Property Layout and Dispute Countermeasure Was Successfully Held
作为海外知识产权纠纷应对指导工作站承办单位，北京集佳知识产权代理有限公司重庆分公司联合重庆宝地实业有限公司，于3月13日举办 "欧洲知识产权布局及纠纷应对" 专题沙龙。
As the undertaking organization of the Overseas Intellectual Property Dispute Countermeasure Guidance Workstation, Chongqing Branch of Unitalen Attorneys at Law collaborated with Chongqing Baodi Industrial Co., Ltd. to hold a salon themed on "European Intellectual Property Layout and Dispute Countermeasure" on the 13th day of March.
本次沙龙邀请到重庆市知识产权局知识产权保护处二级调研员叶春梅女士、重庆宝地实业有限公司总经理王文宇先生，以及北京集佳知识产权代理有限公司重庆分公司副总经理伍成均女士、王诗维女士。活动特别邀请北京集佳知识产权代理有限公司合伙人潘炜律师，以及德国顶尖知识产权律所Eisenführ Speiser的合伙人Max von Vopelius律师和杨呈博士，围绕欧洲知识产权实务展开深度分享。
The guests of this salon included Ms. YE Chunmei, a second-level researcher from the Intellectual Property Protection Department of Chongqing Intellectual Property Bureau, Mr. WANG Wenyu, General Manager of Chongqing Baodi Industrial Co., Ltd., and Ms. WU Chengjun and Ms. WANG Shiwei, Deputy General Managers of Chongqing Branch of Unitalen Attorneys at Law. As distinguished guests invited to the event, Attorney PAN Wei, a partner of Unitalen Attorneys at Law, as well as Attorney Max von Vopelius and Dr. YANG Cheng, partners of Germany's top intellectual property law firm Eisenführ Speiser, shared their insights into European intellectual property practices.
集佳合伙人李兵律师应邀出席韩国知识产权保护院和韩国著作权委员会主办的“2025年商标&著作权保护实务研讨会”
Attorney LI Bing, A Partner of Unitalen, Was Invited to Attend the "Seminar on Trademark & Copyright Protection Practices in 2025" Hosted by the Korean Intellectual Property Protection Association (KOIPA) and the Korean Copyright Commission (KCC)
2025年3月26日，集佳合伙人李兵律师应邀出席由韩国知识产权保护院和韩国著作权委员会主办的“2025年商标&著作权保护实务研讨会”，并围绕商标行政保护策略发表主题演讲。
On March 26, 2025, Attorney LI Bing, a partner of Unitalen, was invited to attend the "Seminar on Trademark & Copyright Protection Practices in 2025" hosted by the KOIPA and the KCC, and delivered a themed speech about strategies on administrative protection of trademarks.
本次活动由韩国驻华大使馆支持，韩国驻华大使馆知识产权参赞姜泽中、韩国著作权委员会北京代表处所长全正玟、韩国知识产权保护院北京代表处代表韩春花等嘉宾及中韩企业界代表参加会议。
The event was supported by the Embassy of South Korea in China, and the guests present at the meeting included Mr. KANG Tackjung, IP Counselor at the Embassy of South Korea in China; Mr. CHUN Jung-min, Director of the Beijing Representative Office of the KCC; Ms. HAN Chunhwa, Representative of the Beijing Representative Office of the KOIPA; and representatives from the Chinese and Korean business communities.
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